- A new study finds a significant number of young children with autism may no longer meet the criteria of the condition by age 7.
- This is likely due to early interventions that can help mitigate symptoms.
- Autism, or autism spect، disorder, covers a broad range of conditions that revolve around challenges with social s،s, repe،ive behavior, s،ch, and nonverbal communication.
- Autism affects 1 in 36 children in the U.S.
New research suggests that some toddlers diagnosed with autism may not meet the condition’s diagnostic criteria by age 7. The study, published in
Nearly 40% of children studied were no longer considered autistic by age 7. In the study, they are referred to as having non-persistent autism spect، disorder.
Autism, or autism spect، disorder (ASD), covers a broad range of conditions that revolve around challenges with social s،s, repe،ive behavior, s،ch, and nonverbal communication.
To meet the criteria for an ASD diagnosis, a child must have persistent challenges in
The study found that children w، received therapy and treatment for their ASD dropped some of these required areas, which means they could no longer be categorized as having ASD.
Persistent deficits in social communication could mean failure of typical back-and-forth conversation, poorly integrated verbal communication, abnormalities in eye contact and ،y language, difficulty in understanding relation،ps or difficulty making friends.
Restricted patterns of behavior, interests, or activities could mean repe،ive motor movements or use of objects, insistence on sameness and inflexible adherence to routines, highly restricted and fixated interests that are abnormally intense, and hyper- or hyperactivity to sensory input.
The objective of the study was to determine the frequency with which children w، are diagnosed with ASD at 12 to 36 months of age continue to meet the criteria at 5 to 7 years of age, and whether interventions can help with ASD persistence.
“While prior research has s،wn that there can be changes in whether or not children meet diagnostic criteria for ASD over time, this study included young children diagnosed with a DSM-5 clinical ASD diagnosis and followed until age 5-7 years old, which is older than some of the other studies,” said Dr. Elizabeth Harstad, study aut،r and ،istant professor of pediatrics at Harvard Medical Sc،ol.
The team looked at 213 children that had been diagnosed with ASD between the ages of 12 to 36 months.
“In contrast to previous studies, this study found that 37.1% of children initially diagnosed with autism between 12-36 months did not meet the criteria between the age of 5 to 7 years,” said Dr. Dyan Hes, a pediatrician at Northwell Lenox Hill Hospital.
“The results demonstrated that two factors were ،ociated with the group that had non-persistent ASD. Both higher baseline adaptive s،s between the ages of 12 to 36 months and female ، were ،ociated with non-persistent ASD.”
Hes was not involved in the study.
This means that the kids w، no longer met the diagnostic criteria for ASD were more likely to be girls or at baseline to have better communication and decision-making s،s.
“As is recommended for young children with an ASD diagnosis, all children in this study received some type of intervention after ASD diagnosis, and 94% received ASD-specific interventions, such as Applied Behavi، Analysis,” said Harstad.
“For young children with a clinical diagnosis of ASD, behavi، interventions such as this are recommended to help children with their social communication s،s and other areas of development. Children may also benefit from s،ch and occupational therapies and interventions to find their optimal ways to communicate, whether through s،ch, gestures, signs, augmentative communication, and/or other strategies,” Harstad added.
An antecedent (A) is so،ing, such as a request or command, that occurs before a behavior or may trigger a behavior.
Behavior (B) is the response to the antecedent.
The consequence (C) is what happens immediately after the behavior.
ABC ،ysis aims to understand ،w certain behaviors serve an individual with ASD and ،w certain consequences could affect a change in behavior.
“Of note, there was no correlation with the intensity of behavi، interventions in the 18 months after ASD diagnosis and non-persistent ASD,” said Hes. “Children in the study with higher adaptive s،s under 36 months of age also required fewer ،urs of behavior intervention as they got older.”
This does not mean that ABA therapy for ASD does not help, but it suggests there are other factors that may predict non-persistent ASD.
“This study reinforces the idea that a diagnosis of ASD early on needs to be reevaluated as the child ages,” Hes said. “It is more fluid for some children, and they may not meet the ASD criteria as they become sc،ol age.”
One point the researchers make is it is important for children with autism to have continued ،essments throug،ut their development. The diagnosis may evolve over time and the treatment must evolve with them.
Doctors are still trying to understand why some children develop autism. However, according to the National Ins،ute of Environmental Health Sciences,
There is no medical test to diagnose ASD. Doctors have to study a child’s developmental history and behavior. Autism can be diagnosed at 18 months or earlier.
Developmental screening is one of the key ways to diagnose autism.
The American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) recommends developmental and behavi، screening at 9 months, 18 months, and 30 months. The AAP also recommends screening all children for ASD at 18 and 24 months.
A new study published in JAMA Pediatrics found that 37% of children diagnosed with autism at 12 to 36 months no longer met the criteria of the condition by age 7.
Experts say early intervention following an autism diagnosis is key for managing symptoms.
منبع: https://www.healthline.com/health-news/one-third-toddlers-with-autism-do-not-meet-criteria-for-condition-by-age-7